The policies and practices underlying this system contribute to the epidemic of obesity and diet-related disease in the United States, and the health impacts of this system extend well-beyond diet. While this system yields high production levels, it also contributes to climate change, pollutes air and water, and depletes soil fertility. Large-scale, conventional farming focuses on intensive single crop production, mechanization, and depends on fossil fuels, pesticides, antibiotics, and synthetic fertilizers. Agricultural practices and environmental health risks Air and water pollution from agriculture affects communities over vast areas (rural and urban), and the impacts of antimicrobial resistance and climate change transcend geography. While rural communities and farm owners and workers face the most immediate risks from these practices, the overall impact is far-reaching. Emissions and pollution resulting from all stages of agriculture, from production (pesticide drift and methane) to distribution (carbon dioxide) affect air quality and contribute to climate change.Synthetic fertilizers deplete soil health and require intensive use of fossil fuels to produce.

Agricultural contaminants, including pesticides, nitrates, and phosphorus, impact ground and surface water quality, affecting both urban and rural communities.Routine antibiotic use in animal agriculture contributes to antibiotic resistance, diminishing the effectiveness of these drugs for human use.Farmworkers and owners face a myriad of health risks, including chronic and acute exposure to pesticides, high risk of injury, and limited access to health care.Common practices and production inputs, used to maximize yields, negatively impact human health and environmental conditions. Agricultural practices have significant health implications.

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